A big part of Home-ownership is your home loan. If you’re like everyone else – that’s probably NOT your favorite component. However, it’s probably the one element you really need to be knowledgeable about.
According to a recent article on CNNMoney.com, more than 3 out of 10 Consumers do not know the terms of their home loan. Do you know what type of loan you have? If you’re looking to buy – how familiar are you with the different types of mortgages available to you? Do you have, or are looking for a conventional loan, fixed for 15, 20 or 30 years? Or an adjustable rate loan, where the interest rate is fixed for 2, 3 or 5 years and then adjusts? A VA loan or FHA loan?
If you’re thinking about an Adjustable Rate loan, to keep the initial payments lower, consider this: According to a recent survey, 34% of homeowners who currently hold an adjustable rate mortgage do not know how to make the payments, once their loan adjusts to a higher interest rate. If you are unsure about your current or planned home loan, talk to a professional and have them explain your mortgage type to you, to see what your best option might be – to keep your current loan or to refinance, or what to choose when getting ready to purchase. (Be sure to discuss things like: Length of time you expect to live in this home, any expected future pay raises, a monthly payment amount that would be acceptable to you etc. And if you’re choosing an ARM – adjustable rate mortgage – ask for what your worst case scenario/highest payment might be.)
Regardless of the type of loan you end up choosing – either for a new purchase or to refinance your current home – beware of predatory lending. What does that mean? There really is no single definition – but more a combination of a variety of factors; a “group” of warning signs.
Basically, the same thing your parents told you growing up still holds true:
If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is.
For example: If you have heard from a number of people that the rate is currently at 6%, yet someone offers you a 2.5% rate (*), if several lenders/banks have told you that you have to “clean up” your credit first or pay off a credit card/car/etc, and yet someone tells you it’s no problem, or if, once you receive a Good Faith Estimate, the closing costs and fees are much higher than on any other Good Faith estimate you received, if hard pre-payment penalties are part of the loan (**) and/or closing gets delayed several times, making the initial low quoted interest rate expire and thereby increase your costs and monthly payments. All of those could be warning signs of predatory lending.
Your best option is to work with a professional, ask questions, do your research, check out your lender with the Better Business Bureau, find out how long your lender has been in business and compare a couple of lenders/banks and their loan products.
With all the recent news about problems in the sub-prime lending market and changing interest rates, your best option is to be educated about the possibilities available to you (either to refinance a current property or purchase a new home), BEFORE making a decision.
(*) – If the offered rate is below the current market rate – you might be incurring negative amortization. Meaning: You pay less than the loan is actually costing you, and anything you do not pay in any given month (both principal AND interest) will be added on to the total loan amount, which leaves you owing more at the end of the period than when you started.
(**) – Pre-payment penalties come in two forms: hard and soft pre-payment penalty. A hard pre-payment penalty means that whether you sell your home or refinance your home, you will have to pay the penalty, often a percentage of the interest due for several months. A soft pre-payment penalty usually means that you only incur the penalty if you refinance within a certain period of time, not when you sell your property. It’s important to know which type of penalty, if any, applies to you, to plan accordingly.